[Huate Mineral Processing Encyclopedia] Qhia txog cov lus zais ntawm Kaolin: kev hloov pauv zoo nkauj los ntawm av mus rau cov ntaub ntawv siv thev naus laus zis siab
Kaolin yog ib qho mineral uas tsis yog hlau, ib hom av nplaum thiab pob zeb av nplaum feem ntau yog ua los ntawmCov av nplaum Kaolinite. Vim tias nws dawb thiab mos, nws tseem hu ua av Dolomitic. Nws tau muab lub npe rau lub zos Gaoling, Jingdezhen, Jiangxi xeev. Nws cov Kaolin ntshiab yog dawb, mos, mos thiab av, thiab muaj cov khoom zoo thiab tshuaj lom neeg xws li plasticity thiab hluav taws tsis kam. Nws cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm Kaolinite, Halloysite, Hydromica, Illite, Montmorillonite, Quartz, Feldspar thiab lwm yam minerals.
Kaolin yog ib qho av nplaum uas feem ntau thiab tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv xwm. Nws yog tsim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm feldspar lossis lwm yam silicate minerals hauv cov pob zeb igneous thiab metamorphic hauv cov kua qaub tsis muaj alkali hlau thiab alkaline earth hlau.
01 Kev faib tawm
Kev faib tawm av
Cov zaub mov uas muaj nyob hauv Kaolin hauv xwm feem ntau yog muab faib ua cov zaub mov av nplaum thiab cov zaub mov tsis yog av nplaum. Ntawm lawv, cov zaub mov av nplaum feem ntau suav nrog cov zaub mov Kaolinite thiab me ntsis Montmorillonite, mica thiab Chlorite; cov zaub mov tsis yog av nplaum feem ntau suav nrog feldspar, quartz thiab hydrated minerals, nrog rau qee cov zaub mov hlau xws li hematite thiab Rhosite, Iron ore, Limonite, thiab lwm yam, titanium minerals xws li Rutile, thiab lwm yam thiab cov organic matter xws li cov nroj tsuag fiber, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog cov zaub mov av nplaum uas txiav txim siab cov yam ntxwv ntawm Kaolin.
Kev faib tawm ua rau
Raws li keeb kwm ntawm Kaolin deposits thiab raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm Mineralization geology, thaj chaw mob, qhov chaw tso nyiaj, ore lub cev morphology thiab tshwm sim cov yam ntxwv, cov khoom siv ore cuam tshuam rau hauv cov txheej txheem Mineralization sib txawv, "Kaolin Mine Geological Exploration Code" yuav Tuam Tshoj cov Kaolin deposits raug muab faib ua peb hom thiab rau subtypes.
Hom huab cua:Nws kuj tseem muab faib ua hom seem uas tiv taus huab cua thiab hom leaching uas tiv taus huab cua.
Hom kev hloov pauv hydrothermal:Nws tseem muab faib ua hom hydrothermal alteration subtype thiab hom kev hloov pauv dej kub niaj hnub.
Hom av nplaum:Nws muab faib ua cov sedimentary thiab sedimentary-weathering subtypes thiab Kaolinite claystone subtype hauv cov thee-bearing strata.
Hom Kev Lag Luam
Raws li keeb kwm ntawm Kaolin deposits, "Kaolin Mine Geological Exploration Specifications" faib Tuam Tshoj Kaolin deposits ua peb hom thiab rau hom subtypes raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm Mineralization geology, geological conditions, deposit scale, ore body morphology thiab tshwm sim yam ntxwv, thiab cov khoom siv ore uas cuam tshuam los ntawm cov txheej txheem Mineralization sib txawv. Raws li lawv cov qauv, plasticity, thiab feem pua ntawm cov xuab zeb, lawv raug muab faib ua peb hom:
NyuajKaolin: tawv thiab tsis yog yas, ua yas tom qab raug tsoo thiab zom.
Mos mosKaolin:mos, yas heev, feem pua xuab zeb <50%.
Xuab zebKaolin:cov qauv mos mos, cov khoom siv tsis muaj zog, cov xuab zeb feem ntau> 50%.
02 Keeb kwm
Cov peev txheej av Kaolin hauv Suav teb yog cov saum toj kawg nkaus hauv ntiaj teb, nrog 267 qhov chaw pov thawj thiab cov peev txheej pov thawj ntawm 2.91 billion tons. Ntawm lawv: kuv lub teb chaws cov peev txheej Kaolin uas tsis yog siv thee yog qib thib tsib hauv ntiaj teb. Cov peev txheej pov thawj yog 1.468 billion tons, feem ntau nyob hauv Guangdong, Shaanxi, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan thiab Jiangsu xeev, suav txog 84.55% ntawm tag nrho lub teb chaws cov peev txheej; Tuam Tshoj cov peev txheej tsim kho thee Kaolin (Kaolinite) yog qib thib ib hauv ntiaj teb, nrog cov peev txheej pov thawj ntawm 1.442 billion tons, feem ntau faib rau Datong, Huairen, Shuozhou, Shanxi, Jungar, Wuda, Inner Mongolia, Huaibei, Anhui, Hancheng, Shaanxi, thiab lwm yam, ntawm cov Jungar thee hauv Inner Mongolia muaj cov peev txheej ntau tshaj plaws.
Muaj tsib qhov chaw tso Kaolin loj hauv Suav teb:
(1) Jiepai Town, Hengyang County, Hunan Province muaj ntau yam khoom siv hauv av. Cov peev txheej ntawm Kaolin, Nepheline, Feldspar thiab Quartz ncav cuag 200 lab tons, thiab muaj ze li ntawm 40 lub tuam txhab khawb av thiab ua cov khoom siv minerals. Thaj chaw khawb av Dapailing (feem ntau yog cov chaw khawb av Kaolin) muaj ib qho chaw khawb av ntawm 80 lab tons, uas yog thawj zaug hauv Es Xias. Lub nroog cov khoom tsim tawm txhua xyoo yog ntau dua 500,000 tons, muab rau ntau pua lub Hoobkas ua av nplaum thoob plaws lub tebchaws.
(2) Kaolin nyob rau hauv thaj tsam Maoming. Cov pob zeb Kaolin hauv Maoming Basin yog cov pob zeb sedimentary uas tau hloov pauv los ntawm cov dej noo. Nws cov quartz thiab lwm cov xuab zeb muaj ntau dua 50%, yog li nws hu ua cov pob zeb xuab zeb Kaolin. Hauv keeb kwm, Maoming Kaolin tau dhau los ntawm peb theem ntawm cov khoom seem uas tau hloov pauv - kev thauj mus los thiab kev sib tsoo tus kheej - thiab tom qab ntawd hloov pauv. Kaolin tau hloov pauv tag nrho, thiab cov wafers feem ntau yog monolithic nrog cov khoom me me. Feem ntau siv ua cov khoom siv raw rau cov txheej txheem papermaking.
(3) Longyan Kaolin yog cov khoom seem Kaolin uas tau hloov pauv lawm. Vim tias cov hlau muaj tsawg dua 0.3%, titanium muaj tsawg dua 0.02%, thiab nws muaj qee qhov ntawm cov kuab tshuaj kub qis (Li2O), nws yog cov khoom siv zoo tagnrho rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, kev siv niaj hnub zoo, thiab cov khoom siv kos duab.
(4) Suzhou Yangshan Kaolin, qhov tso nyiaj no yog hydrothermal hloov Kaolin.Cov tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw ntawm Suzhou Yangshan av nkos nrog cov qauv ntshiab yog ze heev rau cov qauv theoretical ntawm Kaolinite. Cov ntsiab lus Al2O3 tuaj yeem siab txog li 39.0%, nrog rau xim dawb thiab cov khoom me me. Feem ntau siv rau cov catalyst carriers thiab cov ntaub ntawv raw tshuaj.
(5) Hepu Kaolin. Nws yog cov khoom seem Kaolin uas tau hloov pauv los ntawm huab cua. Feem ntau yog siv los ua cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim cov khoom siv ceramic.
(6) Cov thee Northern series Kaolin. Nws yog cov Kaolinite sedimentary, feem ntau muab faib rau hauv kuv lub teb chaws cov chaw tsim cov thee, thiab tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim kho, txheej, xim thiab cov ntawv txheej - cov av raws li thee.
Rau thaj chaw tsim khoom loj uas tau hais los saum toj no suav txog ntau dua 80% ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov khoom tsim tawm, thiab kuj yog cov neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb hauv cov hom peev txheej.
03Use
Kaolin muaj ntau yam kev siv, feem ntau yog vim nws cov yas, kev nplaum, qee lub zog qhuav, cov khoom sintering thiab tom qab hlawv hluav taws dawb, ua rau nws yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov khoom siv ceramic; nws yog dawb, mos, yooj yim dispersed, adsorbable Nws cov txheej txheem zoo heev xws li cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg randomness ua rau nws siv dav hauv kev lag luam ntawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, Kaolin kuj tseem siv dav hauv kev lag luam xws li roj hmab, yas, refractories, thiab roj av refining, nrog rau cov thev naus laus zis tshiab hauv kev ua liaj ua teb thiab kev tiv thaiv lub tebchaws. Feem ntau siv hauv kev lag luam ceramic, coatings, cov ntaub ntawv refractory, papermaking, xim, roj hmab, porcelain qib siab, xov hlau thiab cables, yas kev lag luam, cov tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam fillers, inks, zaub mov, tshuaj pleev ib ce, tshuaj, thiab lwm yam, hloov lithopone thiab ib feem ntawm titanium hauv cov xim thiab coatings Dawb hmoov thiab lwm yam khoom kim heev.
04 Kev Siv Tshuab Ua Haujlwm
Yuav kom cais cov zaub mov uas tsis yog av nplaum thiab cov organic xws li quartz, feldspar, mica, hlau, titanium minerals, thiab lwm yam hauv Kaolin thiab tsim cov khoom Kaolin uas tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm ntau yam kev lag luam, ntxiv rau kev siv kev sib cais ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus, kev sib xyaw ua ke, kev sib cais sib nqus, thiab lwm yam los ntxuav thiab tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv ntawm Kaolin, qee zaum nws kuj tsim nyog siv cov txheej txheem ua tiav tob xws li tshuaj dawb, ultrafine flaking, calcination, thiab kev hloov kho qhov chaw los kho Kaolin.
(1) Kev faib tawm hydraulic
Kev faib tawm hydraulic suav nrog kev faib tawm kauv (kev sib cais ntawm +1 hli coarse xuab zeb), kev faib tawm sedimentation tank (kev sib cais ntawm +0.053 hli xuab zeb zoo), kev faib tawm hydrocyclone (kev sib cais ntawm -0.053 hli xuab zeb zoo), centrifugal classifier lossis me me txoj kab uas hla hydrocyclone kev faib tawm (rau kev faib tawm ultrafine particle ntawm 0.002-0.010 hli).
(2) Kev sib cais sib nqus siab gradient
Lub zog sib nqus ntawm ntau dua 1 600 kA / m yog tsim los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv sib nqus kom tshem tawm Fe2O3 thiab TiO2 ntawm Kaolin thiab tsim cov ntawv txheej thiab cov khoom siv ceramic zoo.
(3) Kev xaiv cov dej khov
Los ntawm kev ntxiv cov flocculants, cov khoom tsis huv xws li cov quartz zoo, pyrite, alunite, thiab lwm yam raug cais tawm kom tsim tau cov Kaolin uas muaj hniav. Cov flocculants uas siv ntau suav nrog sodium hexametaphosphate, ammonium polyacrylamide, dej iav, thiab lwm yam.
(4) Tshuaj dawb
Cov neeg sawv cev bleaching xws li hmoov pov hwm raug ntxiv rau kom txo cov hlau muaj nqis siab hauv limonite thiab hematite hauv Kaolin kom yaj tau cov hlau ferrous, lossis cov oxidants raug ntxiv rau oxidize pyrite thiab dyeing impurities kom txhim kho qhov dawb ntawm Kaolin.
(5) Kev tev tawv
Hauv lub tshuab flaking, cov pob nruab nrab zoo sib xyaw ua ke siv los tsim cov nyhuv sib tsoo, yog li ntawd cov Kaolin aggregate particles raug sib cais ua cov siv lead ua nyias, tsim cov Kaolin coated nrog cov khoom me me tsawg dua 2μm thiab cov ntsiab lus ntau dua 90%.
(6) Kev hlawv
Thaum calcined ntawm 800-1000 ℃, Kaolin poob dej, hloov pauv theem tshwm sim, thiab qee qhov tsis huv volatilize, uas txhim kho qhov dawb thiab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm Kaolin thiab siv los tsim cov cables thiab roj hmab thiab yas fillers. Calcination yog ib txoj kev ua tiav tsim nyog rau cov thee-based (tawv) Kaolin.
(7) Kev hloov kho qhov chaw
Cov av nplaum Kaolin yog coated nrog ib tug coupling agent, thiab lwm yam, kom nce qhov ntau ntawm Kaolin av nplaum ntxiv rau hauv cov roj hmab yas, thiab yog siv los kho cov Kaolin av nplaum fillers rau cov roj hmab yas.
Ntawm lawv, kev sib cais sib nqus yog ib txoj kev sib cais cov khoom siv hauv lub cev uas siv dav hauv kev ua cov khoom siv hauv cov khoom siv. Nws lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog siv qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv sib nqus ntawm cov khoom siv hauv nws tus kheej kom ua tiav kev sib cais. Raws li cov khoom siv sib nqus ntawm cov khoom siv hauv cov khoom siv, kev sib cais sib nqus tuaj yeem muab faib ua kev sib cais sib nqus muaj zog, kev sib cais sib nqus tsis muaj zog, kev sib cais sib nqus rov qab thiab kev sib cais sib nqus siab gradient kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv sib txawv. Cov khoom siv ua cov khoom siv hauv cov khoom siv feem ntau suav nrog cov phaj sib nqus sib cais, cov nplhaib ntsug siab gradient sib nqus sib cais, cov electromagnetic slurry siab gradient sib nqus sib cais, cov sib cais sib nqus kub qis superconducting, thiab lwm yam.
05 Cov ntaub ntawv thov ua cov khoom siv mineral
Txheej Txheem 1: Piv txwv li, siv cov av nplaum Kaolin txawv teb chaws, cov khoom tsis huv tseem ceeb hauv cov qauv no suav nrog hlau oxide, titanium oxide, thiab hlau silicate. Hauv cov hlau nyoos, cov khoom tsis huv ntawm Fe2O3 thiab TiO2 yog 0.89% thiab 0.17% feem, thaum qhov dawb ncav cuag 67.29%.
Yuav kom tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv no tau zoo, peb tau txiav txim siab txog txoj kev npaj sim hauv qab no: Ua ntej, hla cov hlau nyoos los ntawm lub tshuab sib cais sib nqus slurry rau ob txoj kev sib cais sib nqus, kev sib cais ntxhib thiab kev xaiv zoo, kom tshem tawm feem ntau ntawm cov khoom tsis huv. Tom qab ntawd, cov khoom siv tau txais kev ntxuav ntxiv los ntawm lub tshuab sib cais sib nqus superconducting kom txo cov ntsiab lus tsis huv thiab txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm Kaolin.
Daim ntawv qhia txog kev ntsuas
Los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim, cov hlau nyoos tuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm electromagnetic slurry + electromagnetic slurry + superconducting magnetic separation kom tau txais cov khoom Kaolin concentrate nrog Fe2O3 0.35% thiab whiteness 87.52%.
Txheej Txheem 2:Cov hlau tsis huv raug kev sib cais los ntawm kev sib nqus superconducting 5T. Cov txheej txheem sim tau pom hauv Daim Duab 2, thiab cov txiaj ntsig sim tau pom hauv Rooj 2.
DUAB 2 Kev sim ua kom tau txiaj ntsig
Cov hlau nyoos tau raug rau kev sib cais sib nqus 5T superconducting kom tau txais cov khoom Kaolin concentrate nrog Fe2O3 0.40%, Al2O3 22.92%, SiO2 68.78%, TiO2 0.10%, CaO 1.90%, dawb 86.97%, thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm 90.90%.
Ua ib yam khoom siv ua lag luam uas muaj ntau yam kev siv, Kaolin muaj ntau yam kev siv. Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis thiab kev txhim kho kev lag luam kom ruaj khov, Kaolin yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov chaw. Yav tom ntej, peb tos ntsoov yuav nthuav dav ntxiv rau kev siv Kaolin los ntawm kev tshawb fawb tob dua thiab kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm thev naus laus zis, ua tiav kev siv tau zoo dua thiab ruaj khov, thiab ua rau muaj kev pab ntau dua rau kev txhim kho ntawm tib neeg lub zej zog. Tib lub sijhawm, peb kuj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau cov teeb meem ib puag ncig uas yuav tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm khawb av thiab ua cov Kaolin, thiab ua cov kauj ruam kom ntseeg tau tias kev txhim kho cov peev txheej Kaolin yog sib koom tes nrog kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Tsib Hlis-13-2024