Thaum lub sij hawm "14th Tsib Xyoo Plan", raws li lub teb chaws "cov pa roj carbon ncov thiab cov pa roj carbon nruab nrab" txoj kev npaj, kev lag luam photovoltaic yuav ua rau kev loj hlob tawg.Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev lag luam photovoltaic tau "tsim muaj nyiaj" rau tag nrho cov saw hlau.Nyob rau hauv no dazzling saw, photovoltaic iav yog ib tug indispensable txuas.Niaj hnub no, tawm tswv yim kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, qhov kev thov rau cov iav photovoltaic yog nce zuj zus nyob rau ib hnub, thiab muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom siv thiab kev thov.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau thiab ultra-dawb quartz xuab zeb, cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau cov iav photovoltaic, kuj tau nce, thiab tus nqi tau nce thiab cov khoom tsis txaus.Cov kws tshaj lij kev lag luam kwv yees tias cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau quartz xuab zeb yuav muaj kev nce mus sij hawm ntev ntawm ntau dua 15% rau ntau tshaj 10 xyoo.Nyob rau hauv cov cua muaj zog ntawm photovoltaic, zus tau tej cov hlau quartz xuab zeb tau attracted ntau xim.
1. Quartz xuab zeb rau photovoltaic iav
Photovoltaic iav feem ntau yog siv los ua lub vaj huam sib luag encapsulation ntawm photovoltaic modules, thiab nws yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog rau sab nraud ib puag ncig.Nws cov huab cua tsis kam, lub zog, lub teeb xa hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam ntsuas tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub neej ntawm photovoltaic modules thiab kev siv hluav taws xob mus sij hawm ntev.Cov hlau ions nyob rau hauv quartz xuab zeb yog ib qho yooj yim rau dyeing, thiab thiaj li yuav ua kom lub hnub ci siab transmittance ntawm lub qub iav, cov ntsiab lus hlau ntawm photovoltaic iav yog qis dua li cov iav zoo tib yam, thiab cov hlau quartz xuab zeb uas muaj silicon purity siab. thiab cov ntsiab lus uas tsis muaj impurity yuav tsum tau siv.
Tam sim no, muaj ob peb cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau quartz xuab zeb uas yooj yim rau mine hauv peb lub teb chaws, thiab lawv feem ntau muab faib rau hauv Heyuan, Guangxi, Fengyang, Anhui, Hainan thiab lwm qhov chaw.Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub peev xwm ntau lawm ntawm ultra-dawb embossed iav rau lub hnub ci hlwb, zoo quartz xuab zeb nrog tsawg ntau lawm cheeb tsam yuav ua ib tug kuj tsis tshua muaj peev xwm.Kev muab cov khoom zoo thiab ruaj khov quartz xuab zeb yuav txwv kev sib tw ntawm cov tuam txhab iav photovoltaic yav tom ntej.Yog li ntawd, yuav ua li cas kom txo tau cov ntsiab lus ntawm hlau, txhuas, titanium thiab lwm yam impurity ntsiab nyob rau hauv quartz xuab zeb thiab npaj high-purity quartz xuab zeb yog ib tug kub kev tshawb fawb lub ntsiab lus.
2. Kev tsim cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau quartz xuab zeb rau cov iav photovoltaic
2.1 Purification ntawm Quartz Sand rau Photovoltaic iav
Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem quartz purification ib txwm siv rau hauv kev lag luam suav nrog kev sib cais, txhuam, calcination-dej quenching, sib tsoo, sieving, sib nqus sib nqus, nqus sib cais, flotation, acid leaching, microbial leaching, kub degassing, thiab lwm yam. Cov txheej txheem sib sib zog nqus purification muaj xws li chlorinated roasting, irradiated xim sorting, superconducting sib nqus sorting, lub tshuab nqus tsev kub thiab lwm yam.Cov txheej txheem dav dav ntawm cov quartz xuab zeb purification hauv tsev kuj tau tsim los ntawm thaum ntxov "sib tsoo, sib nqus sib cais, ntxuav" mus rau "kev sib cais → ntxhib crushing → calcination → dej quenching → sib tsoo → kev tshuaj ntsuam → sib nqus sib cais → flotation → acid Cov txheej txheem kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm immersion → ntxuav → ziab, ua ke nrog microwave, ultrasonic thiab lwm yam txhais tau tias rau pretreatment los yog pab purification, zoo heev txhim kho cov nyhuv purification.Nyob rau hauv kev pom ntawm cov uas tsis muaj hlau uas yuav tsum tau ntawm photovoltaic iav, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob ntawm quartz xuab zeb tshem tawm txoj kev yog mas qhia.
Feem ntau hlau muaj nyob rau hauv 6 hom hauv qab no hauv quartz ore:
① Muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom zoo hauv av nplaum los yog kaolinized feldspar
② Txuas rau saum npoo ntawm quartz hais nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm hlau oxide zaj duab xis
③Iron minerals xws li hematite, magnetite, specularite, qinite, thiab lwm yam. los yog hlau-muaj minerals xws li mica, amphibole, garnet, thiab lwm yam.
④ Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm immersion los yog lens nyob rau hauv lub quartz hais
⑤ Muaj nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm cov khoom siv hauv cov quartz siv lead ua
⑥ Ib qho ntawm cov hlau thib ob yuav muab sib xyaw rau hauv cov txheej txheem crushing thiab sib tsoo
Txhawm rau kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov hlau uas muaj cov ntxhia hauv quartz, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua ntej kom paub tseeb tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov hlau tsis huv hauv cov quartz ore thiab xaiv txoj kev tsim nyog tau txais txiaj ntsig thiab cov txheej txheem sib cais kom ua tiav qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm cov hlau impurities.
(1) Cov txheej txheem sib nqus sib nqus
Cov txheej txheem sib nqus sib nqus tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov tsis muaj zog hlau nplaum impurity xws li hematite, limonite thiab biotite nrog rau cov khoom sib txuas mus rau qhov loj tshaj plaws.Raws li lub zog sib nqus, sib nqus sib cais tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov sib nqus sib nqus muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog sib nqus sib cais.Lub zog sib nqus sib nqus feem ntau yog siv cov khoom ntub dej sib nqus sib nqus los yog siab gradient magnetic separator.
Feem ntau hais lus, quartz xuab zeb uas muaj cov hlau nplaum tsis muaj zog feem ntau xws li limonite, hematite, biotite, thiab lwm yam, tuaj yeem xaiv siv lub tshuab ntub dej uas muaj zog sib nqus ntawm tus nqi siab dua 8.0 × 105A / m;Rau cov hlau nplaum muaj zog uas muaj zog los ntawm cov hlau ore, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv lub tshuab magnetic tsis muaj zog lossis lub tshuab magnetic nruab nrab rau kev sib cais.[2] Tam sim no, nrog rau kev siv high-gradient thiab muaj zog magnetic teb magnetic separators, sib nqus sib nqus thiab purification tau zoo dua piv rau yav dhau los.Piv txwv li, siv lub tshuab electromagnetic induction roller hom muaj zog sib nqus sib nqus kom tshem tawm cov hlau hauv qab 2.2T magnetic teb lub zog tuaj yeem txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm Fe2O3 los ntawm 0.002% mus rau 0.0002%.
(2) Flotation txheej txheem
Flotation yog txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cais cov ntxhia hauv cov khoom sib txawv ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av.Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog tshem tawm cov ntxhia hauv mica thiab feldspar los ntawm quartz xuab zeb.Rau kev sib cais ntawm cov hlau uas muaj hlau thiab quartz, nrhiav pom qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov hlau impurities thiab cov ntaub ntawv faib tawm ntawm txhua qhov loj me yog tus yuam sij rau xaiv txoj kev sib cais kom raug rau kev tshem tawm hlau.Feem ntau cov hlau uas muaj cov zaub mov muaj xoom hluav taws xob taw tes saum 5, uas yog qhov zoo rau hauv ib puag ncig acidic, thiab theoretically haum rau kev siv cov khoom siv anionic.
Fatty acid (xov xab npum), hydrocarbyl sulfonate los yog sulfate yuav siv tau los ua anionic collector rau flotation ntawm hlau oxide ore.Pyrite tuaj yeem ua rau cov pyrite los ntawm quartz nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam pickling nrog classic flotation tus neeg saib xyuas rau isobutyl xanthate ntxiv rau butylamine dub hmoov (4: 1).Cov koob tshuaj yog kwv yees li 200ppmw.
Flotation ntawm ilmenite feem ntau siv sodium oleate (0.21mol / L) ua tus neeg sawv cev flotation los kho pH rau 4 ~ 10.Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwm sim ntawm oleate ions thiab hlau hais nyob rau saum npoo ntawm ilmenite los tsim cov hlau oleate, uas yog chemically adsorbed Oleate ions khaws ilmenite nrog zoo floatability.Cov hydrocarbon-based phosphonic acid collectors tsim nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no muaj kev xaiv zoo thiab kev sau ua haujlwm rau ilmenite.
(3) Acid leaching txheej txheem
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem acid leaching yog tshem tawm cov dej soluble hlau hauv cov kua qaub.Cov yam ntxwv uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua kom huv ntawm cov kua qaub leaching muaj xws li quartz xuab zeb particle loj, kub, sij hawm, acid hom, acid concentration, solid-kua ratio, thiab lwm yam, thiab ua rau kom kub thiab acid kua.Concentration thiab txo lub vojvoog ntawm cov quartz hais tuaj yeem ua rau kom tus nqi leaching thiab leaching tus nqi ntawm Al.Cov nyhuv purification ntawm ib qho kua qaub tsuas yog txwv, thiab cov kua qaub sib xyaw muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kom tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv xws li Fe thiab K. Cov kab mob inorganic acids yog HF, H2SO4, HCl, HNO3, H3PO4, HClO4. , H2C2O4, feem ntau ob los yog ntau tshaj ntawm lawv yog tov thiab siv nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam kev faib ua feem.
Oxalic acid yog cov organic acid uas feem ntau siv rau acid leaching.Nws tuaj yeem tsim ib qho chaw ruaj khov nrog cov hlau ions yaj, thiab cov impurities tau yooj yim ntxuav tawm.Nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov tsawg npaum li cas thiab siab tshem tawm cov hlau.Qee cov neeg siv ultrasound los pab ua kom huv ntawm oxalic acid, thiab pom tias piv nrog cov pa stirring thiab tank ultrasound, sojntsuam ultrasound muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws Fe tshem tawm tus nqi, tus nqi ntawm oxalic acid yog tsawg dua 4g / L, thiab cov hlau tshem tawm tus nqi nce mus txog. 75.4%.
Lub xub ntiag ntawm dilute acid thiab hydrofluoric acid tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov hlau impurities xws li Fe, Al, Mg, tab sis tus nqi ntawm hydrofluoric acid yuav tsum tau tswj vim hydrofluoric acid tuaj yeem corrode quartz hais.Kev siv ntau hom kua qaub kuj cuam tshuam rau kev ua kom huv huv.Ntawm lawv, cov kua qaub sib xyaw ntawm HCl thiab HF muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws.Qee tus neeg siv HCl thiab HF sib xyaw leaching tus neeg sawv cev los ntxuav cov quartz xuab zeb tom qab sib nqus sib nqus.Los ntawm cov tshuaj leaching, tag nrho cov ntsiab lus impurity yog 40.71μg / g, thiab purity ntawm SiO2 yog siab li 99.993wt%.
(4) Microbial leaching
Cov kab mob no yog siv los leaching nyias zaj duab xis hlau los yog impregnating hlau nyob rau saum npoo ntawm quartz xuab zeb hais, uas yog ib tug nyuam qhuav tsim cov txheej txheem rau tshem tawm hlau.Cov kev tshawb fawb txawv teb chaws tau pom tias kev siv Aspergillus niger, Penicillium, Pseudomonas, Polymyxin Bacillus thiab lwm yam kab mob mus rau leaching hlau rau saum npoo ntawm quartz zaj duab xis tau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo, uas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Aspergillus niger leaching hlau pom zoo.Qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm Fe2O3 feem ntau yog siab dua 75%, thiab qib ntawm Fe2O3 concentrate yog qis li 0.007%.Thiab nws tau pom tias cov nyhuv ntawm leaching hlau nrog kev cog qoob loo ua ntej ntawm feem ntau cov kab mob thiab cov pwm yuav zoo dua.
2.2 Lwm yam kev tshawb fawb ntawm quartz xuab zeb rau photovoltaic iav
Txhawm rau txo cov kua qaub, txo qhov nyuaj ntawm kev kho dej phwj tuaj, thiab ua kom zoo ib puag ncig, Peng Shou [5] et al.Tshaj tawm ib txoj hauv kev npaj 10ppm low-iron quartz xuab zeb los ntawm cov txheej txheem uas tsis yog-pickling: ntuj vein quartz yog siv los ua raw khoom, thiab peb-theem crushing, Thawj theem sib tsoo thiab theem ob kev faib tawm tau 0.1 ~ 0.7mm grit ;cov grit yog sib cais los ntawm thawj theem ntawm kev sib nqus sib nqus thiab theem ob ntawm cov hlau nplaum muaj zog tshem tawm cov hlau nplaum thiab cov hlau-cov kabmob kom tau txais cov hlau nplaum sib nqus;Kev sib nqus sib nqus ntawm cov xuab zeb yog tau los ntawm theem thib ob flotation Fe2O3 cov ntsiab lus qis dua 10ppm low-iron quartz xuab zeb, flotation siv H2SO4 li regulator, kho pH = 2 ~ 3, siv sodium oleate thiab txiv maj phaub roj-raws li propylene diamine li collectors. .Kev npaj quartz xuab zeb SiO2≥99.9%, Fe2O3≤10ppm, ua tau raws li cov kev cai ntawm siliceous raw cov ntaub ntawv xav tau rau optical iav, photoelectric zaub iav, thiab quartz iav.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, nrog rau kev txo qis ntawm cov peev txheej zoo quartz, kev siv dav dav ntawm cov peev txheej qis kawg tau nyiam cov neeg nyiam.Xie Enjun ntawm Tuam Tshoj Cov Khoom Siv Hauv Tsev Bengbu iav Kev Lag Luam Tsim thiab Tshawb Fawb Lub Tsev Haujlwm Co., Ltd. siv kaolin tailings los npaj cov hlau tsis muaj hlau quartz xuab zeb rau iav photovoltaic.Lub ntsiab ntxhia muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Fujian kaolin tailings yog quartz, uas muaj ib tug me me ntawm impurity minerals xws li kaolinite, mica, thiab feldspar.Tom qab cov kaolin tailings tau ua tiav los ntawm cov txheej txheem beneficiation ntawm "kev sib tsoo-hydraulic faib-sib nqus sib cais-flotation", cov ntsiab lus ntawm 0.6 ~ 0.125mm particle loj yog ntau dua 95%, SiO2 yog 99.62%, Al2O3 yog 0.065%, Fe2O3 yog 92 × 10-6 nplua quartz xuab zeb ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj hlau quartz xuab zeb rau cov iav photovoltaic.
Shao Weihua thiab lwm tus los ntawm Zhengzhou Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Siv Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob, Suav Academy ntawm Geological Sciences, tau luam tawm ib qho kev tsim tawm: ib txoj hauv kev los npaj high-purity quartz xuab zeb los ntawm kaolin tailings.Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem: a.Kaolin tailings yog siv los ua cov ore raw, uas yog sieved tom qab tau nplawm thiab txhuam kom tau txais cov khoom siv +0.6mm;b.+0.6mm cov khoom siv hauv av thiab cais, thiab 0.4mm0.1mm cov khoom siv ntxhia yog raug rau kev sib nqus sib nqus ua haujlwm, kom tau txais cov khoom sib nqus thiab cov khoom tsis sib nqus, cov ntaub ntawv tsis sib nqus nkag mus rau lub ntiajteb txawj nqus sib cais ua haujlwm kom tau txais lub ntiajteb txawj nqus sib cais lub teeb pob zeb thiab lub ntiajteb txawj nqus sib cais hnyav minerals, thiab lub ntiajteb txawj nqus sib cais lub teeb minerals nkag mus rau lub regrind ua hauj lwm los tshuaj ntsuam kom tau +0.1mm minerals;c. + 0.1mm Cov pob zeb hauv av nkag mus rau kev ua haujlwm flotation kom tau txais cov flotation concentrate.Cov dej sab saud ntawm cov flotation concentrate yog tshem tawm thiab tom qab ntawd ultrasonically pickled, thiab tom qab ntawd sieved kom tau txais cov khoom siv ntxhib +0.1mm li high-purity quartz xuab zeb.Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim khoom tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog tau txais cov khoom lag luam zoo quartz mloog zoo xwb, tab sis kuj muaj lub sijhawm ua haujlwm luv, cov txheej txheem yooj yim ntws, tsis muaj zog siv, thiab siab zoo ntawm cov tau txais quartz concentrate, uas tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm high-purity. quartz.
Kaolin tailings muaj ntau ntawm cov khoom siv quartz.Los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig, kev ua kom huv thiab kev sib sib zog nqus, nws tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau siv rau kev siv cov khoom siv photovoltaic ultra-dawb iav raw khoom.Qhov no tseem muab lub tswv yim tshiab rau kev siv dav dav ntawm cov khoom siv kaolin tailings.
3. Kev lag luam nthuav dav ntawm cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau quartz xuab zeb rau cov iav photovoltaic
Ntawm qhov tod tes, nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntawm 2020, qhov kev nthuav dav-txhim kho lub peev xwm tsis tuaj yeem tiv nrog qhov xav tau tawg nyob rau hauv kev vam meej siab.Cov khoom siv thiab kev thov ntawm cov iav photovoltaic tsis sib npaug, thiab tus nqi nce siab.Raws li kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab photovoltaic module, thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2020, Ministry of Industry thiab Information Technology tau tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv qhia meej tias qhov project photovoltaic dov iav yuav tsis tsim lub peev xwm hloov pauv.Kev cuam tshuam los ntawm txoj cai tshiab, qhov kev loj hlob ntawm photovoltaic iav ntau lawm yuav nthuav dav los ntawm 2021. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv pej xeem, lub peev xwm ntawm dov photovoltaic iav nrog cov phiaj xwm meej rau kev tsim khoom hauv 21/22 yuav ncav cuag 22250/26590t / d, nrog rau Kev loj hlob txhua xyoo ntawm 68.4 / 48.6%.Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm txoj cai thiab kev thov-sab guarantees, photovoltaic xuab zeb yuav tsum tau usher nyob rau hauv tawg loj hlob.
2015-2022 photovoltaic iav kev lag luam muaj peev xwm
Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov muaj peev xwm ntau lawm ntawm cov iav photovoltaic tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj hlau silica xuab zeb ntau tshaj qhov khoom, uas nyob rau hauv lem txwv qhov tseeb zus tau tej cov photovoltaic iav muaj peev xwm.Raws li kev txheeb cais, txij li xyoo 2014, kuv lub teb chaws cov khoom siv quartz xuab zeb feem ntau tau qis dua li qhov xav tau hauv tsev, thiab cov khoom siv thiab kev thov tau tswj hwm qhov sib npaug.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kuv lub teb chaws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg-hlau quartz placer tsis tshua muaj, concentrated nyob rau hauv Heyuan ntawm Guangdong, Beihai ntawm Guangxi, Fengyang ntawm Anhui thiab Donghai ntawm Jiangsu, thiab ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau imported.
Tsawg-hlau ultra-dawb quartz xuab zeb yog ib qho tseem ceeb raw cov ntaub ntawv (sau txog li 25% ntawm tus nqi raw khoom) nyob rau xyoo tas los no.Tus nqi kuj tau nce.Yav dhau los, nws tau nyob ib ncig ntawm 200 yuan / tuj ntev.Tom qab muaj kev sib kis ntawm Q1 kev sib kis hauv 20 xyoo, nws tau poob los ntawm qib siab, thiab tam sim no nws tseem tuav haujlwm ruaj khov rau lub sijhawm.
Xyoo 2020, kuv lub teb chaws qhov kev thov tag nrho rau quartz xuab zeb yuav yog 90.93 lab tons, cov zis yuav yog 87.65 lab tons, thiab cov khoom xa tawm yuav yog 3.278 lab tons.Raws li pej xeem cov ntaub ntawv, tus nqi ntawm quartz pob zeb nyob rau hauv 100kg ntawm molten iav yog hais txog 72.2kg.Raws li cov phiaj xwm nthuav dav tam sim no, lub peev xwm nce ntawm cov iav photovoltaic hauv 2021/2022 yuav ncav cuag 3.23/24500t / d, raws li kev tsim khoom txhua xyoo suav nrog lub sijhawm 360-hnub, tag nrho cov khoom tsim tawm yuav sib haum rau qhov kev thov nce tshiab rau qis. -hlau silica xuab zeb ntawm 836/635 lab tons / xyoo, uas yog, qhov kev thov tshiab rau cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau silica xuab zeb coj los ntawm cov iav photovoltaic hauv 2021/2022 yuav suav rau tag nrho quartz xuab zeb hauv 2020 9.2% / 7.0% ntawm qhov kev thov. .Xav txog tias cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau silica xuab zeb tsuas yog suav rau ib feem ntawm tag nrho cov silica xuab zeb xav tau, cov khoom siv thiab kev thov siab ntawm cov hlau silica xuab zeb uas tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim los ntawm kev nqis peev loj ntawm photovoltaic iav muaj peev xwm yuav ntau dua li qhov siab ntawm tag nrho quartz xuab zeb kev lag luam.
-Txoj lus los ntawm Powder Network
Post lub sij hawm: Dec-11-2021